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==Projects==

===[[Fluorescence Sensor for Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Characterization, and Quality Control]]===

Group menber: Zhang yiteng, Li Xiaoyue, Peng Jianxi

This project aims to develop a low-cost, repeatable optical sensing system to quantify the quality of Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs). We synthesize CQDs using a microwave-assisted method with citric acid and urea, and characterize their fluorescence properties using a custom-built setup comprising a UV LED excitation source and a fiber-optic spectrometer. By analyzing spectral metrics such as peak wavelength, intensity, and FWHM, we establish a robust quality control protocol for nanomaterial production.

===[[Inductive Sensors of Ultra-high Sensitivity Based on Nonlinear Exceptional Point]]===
Team members: Yuan Siyu; Zhu Ziyang; Wang Peikun; Li Xunyu

We are building two coupled oscillating circuits: one that naturally loses energy (lossy) and one that gains energy (active) using a specific amplifier that saturates at high amplitudes. When tuning these two circuits to a nonlinear Exceptional Point (NEP), the system becomes extremely sensitive to small perturbations in inductance, following a steep cubic-root response curve, while remaining resistant to noise.

'''CK:''' We likely have all the parts for this, but let us know the frequency so we can find the proper amplifier and circuit board.

'''SY:''' Thanks for your confirmation. The operating frequency is around 70-80 kHz.

'''CK:''' Have!

===[[EA Spectroscopy as a series of sensors: Investigating the Impact of Film-Processing Temperature on Mobility in Organic Diodes]]===
Team members: Li Jinhan; Liu Chenyang

We will use EA spectroscopy, which will include optical sensors, electrical sensors, and lock-in amplifiers, among other components as a highly sensitive, non-destructive optical sensing platform to measure the internal electric field modulation response of organic diodes under operating conditions, and to quantitatively extract carrier mobility based on this measurement. By systematically controlling the thin film preparation temperature and comparing the EA response characteristics of different samples, the project aims to reveal the influence of film preparation temperature on device mobility and its potential physical origins.

===[[Optical Sensor of Magnetic Dynamics: A Balanced-Detection MOKE Magnetometer]]===
Team members: LI Junxiang; Patricia Breanne Tan Sy

We will use a laser-based magneto-optical Kerr effect setup featuring a high-sensitivity differential photodiode array to measure the Kerr rotation angle induced by surface magnetism. This system serves as a versatile optical platform to investigate how external perturbations such as magnetic fields or radiation source alter the magnetic ordering of materials, allowing for the quantitative extraction of the magneto-optical coupling coefficients of various thin films.

===[[Precision Measurement of Material and Optical Properties Using Interferometry]]===
Team members: Yang SangUk; Zhang ShunYang; Xu Zifang

We will be constructing an interferometer and use it as a tool for precision measurement. One primary objective is determination of the refractive index of solution of different salt concentration by analyzing the resulting shift interference fringes.

===[[Precision Thermocouple Based Temperature Measurement System]]===
Team members: Sree Ranjani Krishnan; Nisha Ganesh ; Burra Srikari

We will design, build, and validate a precision thermocouple-based temperature measurement system using the Seebeck effect. The system will convert the extremely small thermoelectric voltage generated by a thermocouple into accurate, real-time temperature data. Since the output voltage is really small we will be using an instrumentation amplifier to amplify the output voltage and use an Arduino to digitalize the results.
Materials needed: K-type thermocouple/Thermophile;Arduino

===[[Surface EMG Sensor for Muscle Activity Measurement: AFE Design and Signal Processing]]===
Team members: Liu Chenxi; Wang Jingyi; Zhong Baoqi; Hong Jialuo; Zhang Lishang;

Electromyography (EMG) measures the electrical activity generated by skeletal muscles and is widely used in biomedical sensing, rehabilitation, and human–machine interfaces. The electrical signals produced by muscle fibers are typically in the microvolt to millivolt range and are easily corrupted by noise and motion artifacts, making proper signal conditioning essential. In this project, we design and implement an analog front-end (AFE) for surface EMG acquisition, including an instrumentation amplifier, band-pass filtering, and a 50 Hz notch filter to suppress power-line interference. The conditioned signal is then observed and recorded using an oscilloscope for further analysis of muscle activity in both the time and frequency domains.

===[[Humidity  Detector Based on Quartz Crystal Oscillator]]===

Group menber: Ma Xiangyi; Li Xukuan; Zhang Yixuan; Zhu Rongqi

This project aims to develop a humidity sensor based on a quartz crystal oscillator. The group will first construct the oscillator circuit on a breadboard. They will then fabricate the sensing device by depositing water-absorbing materials onto the quartz crystal. Humidity detection will be achieved by measuring the frequency change of the circuit caused by the mass variation on the crystal surface.

'''To Prof.'''   Several materials are available for use as the water-absorbing layer, such as PVA, polyimide, graphene oxide, and silica gel. We are currently unsure which material would be the most suitable for our device. Could you provide us with some suggestions?